Caterpillars with poisonous spines
The caterpillars of some moths have sharp, hollow spines or hairs that contain a poison. Contact with these spines causes a burning inflammation of the skin, but can be more serious when in contact with a mucous membrane or the eyes. The spines from dead caterpillars are still poisonous.
Most of these caterpillars feed on the leaves of various hardwood trees and shrubs; contact with people is uncommon. The poisoned spines are a defense mechanism, and the colorful patterns or unusual body shapes serve as a warning to their enemies. There are about 25 species, three of the more common ones are described below.
Puss caterpillar -- It may be pale yellow, gray or reddish brown, about one inch long and densely covered with hairs. Among these hairs are hollow spines with venom. Stings on the hand can cause the entire arm to swell and become numb. There is severe pain followed by itching. Young children are often more severely affected. Large population increases in local areas can cause a problem.
Saddleback caterpillar -- This caterpillar is green, with a brown saddle mark on its back. It has fleshy "knobs" on its body with venom-filled spines.
Hag moth caterpillar -- A strange looking brownish caterpillar with four pairs of long, plume-like projections on the back, projecting out the sides and suggesting the disarranged hairs of a hag. Among the brown hairs on the plumes are longer black stinging hairs.
Control -- Control is usually not needed since contact is uncommon, and then only with an isolated individual. If numbers of stinging caterpillars are seen feeding on the foliage around areas where children are active, spray the foliage with Sevin or malathion labeled for tree and shrub application. Remember, dead caterpillars can still cause painful stings. Spread a cloth or plastic sheet under a tree or shrub to collect the fallen dead caterpillars, and then carefully dispose of them.
http://pubs.caes.uga.edu/caespubs/pubcd/c782-w.html
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